The Respiratory System

What is the Respiratory System?

The respiratory system is the breathing mechanism of the human body.

The act of breathing comprises the inhalation and exhalation of air into the bloodstream, the removal of oxygen from the air to generate energy, as the by-product of the operation, carbon dioxide.

The Parts of Respiratory system:

The respiratory system is based on two main parts:

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Upper Respiratory tract:

The nose and nasal parts, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and the part of larynx over the vowel cord are found in the upper airways or in the superior airways (cording).

In the middle or lower airways, the part of the larynx below the vocal pads, trachea, bronchioles, and bronchi. Example: The nose and mouth of the trachea are included (the area where air enters and lets out).

Lower Respiratory tract:

The lower or lower respiratory tract is created by the trachea, bronchi and bronchial cords and the lungs’ alveoli. Such systems draw blood from the upper respiratory system to absorb oxygen and in turn emit carbon dioxide.

Both functions are secured and supported by other components, including the thoracic cage and the diaphragm.

⦁ The Trachea

The pipe is generally called the windpipe; it is around 4 inches in circumference, and in most cases, it has a diameter of less than one inch. The trachea starts immediately under the larynx and continues down (sternum) with the breastbone.

The trachea separates in two narrower tubes: one bronchus per each lung.

⦁ The Bronchi:

The bronchi are the airways leading from the trachea into the palm and branching out into smaller structures to the Alveoli, the small packages which allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to be transported in the lungs.

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⦁ Pulmonary Alveolus:

A hollow cup-fitted cavity, located in the lung parenchyma where a gas exchange takes place is a pulmonary alveolus (plural: alveoli from the Latin alveolus, “small cavity.”

Around the beginning of the respiratory region, lung alveoli are located in acini.
A pulmonary alveolus membrane, which always contains air, exchanges gases: oxygen (O2) is absorbed into the blood capillaries from the air and circulates throughout the tissues within the body with heart action.

Around the same time the carbon dioxide (CO2) is transferred through the bronchi and upper respiratory tract from blood capillaries into the alveoli.

⦁ The Lungs

The lungs are a spongy, air-full structure on either side of the thorax. The windpipe (trachea), which is called bronchi, carries inhaled air through its tubes into the lungs.

The bronchi then split into bigger and smaller divisions (bronchioles). The bronchioles finish in microscopic airbag clusters known as alveoli.

Oxygen is drained from the oxygen into the blood in the alveoli. Carbon dioxide, a waste metabolic gas, is pumped from the blood into the alveoli and exhaled in it. There is a thin layer of cells between these alveoli called interstitium containing blood cells and helping to support alveoli. interstitium.

A thin tissue sheet called pleura protects the lungs. In the chest cavity is sometimes called pleura the same type of thinned tissue. The lungs slipped smoothly with each breath, as a lubricant, with a thin layer of fluid.

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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASE

Specific respiratory system diseases include:

⦁ Asthma: Your airways are too compressed and the mucus gets too heavy.

⦁ Bronchiectasis: The bronchi walls become thicker by inflammation and infection.

⦁ Chronic pulmonary blockage (COPD) disease: Over time, this long-term condition worsens. Bronchitis and emphysema are included.

⦁ Lung cancer: Inflammation of the alveoli is due to an infection. You may fill up with pus or fluid.

⦁ TB is cancer. This harmful infection is caused by a bacterium. This generally affects your liver but can affect your heart, spinal cord, or brain.

⦁ Cancer of the lungs. The lung’s cells shift to become a tumor. This is often due to smoking or other chemicals that you have inhaled.